医用内窥镜在临床上的应用越来越普及，它正在向着小型化、多功能、高像质发展。下面内窥镜设备维修人员介绍一下医用内窥镜的分类以及故障举例参考。

The application of medical endoscope in clinic is more and more popular, and it is developing towards miniaturization, multi-function and high image quality. The endoscopic equipment maintenance personnel will introduce the classification of medical endoscopes and examples of failures.

医用内窥镜是一种常用的医疗器械，由可弯曲部分、光源及一组镜头组成。经人体的天然孔道，或是经过手术做的小切口进入人体体内。使用时将内窥镜导入预检查的器官，可直接窥视有关部位的变化。

Medical endoscope is a commonly used medical instrument, which consists of a flexible part, a light source and a group of lenses. It enters the human body through natural channels or small incisions made by surgery. When in use, the endoscope is introduced into the pre examined organ to directly observe the changes of relevant parts.

医用内窥镜的分类

Classification of medical endoscopes

按其成像构造分类：大体可分为3大类：硬管式内窥镜；光学纤维内窥镜（可分为软镜和硬镜）；电子内窥镜（可分为软镜和硬镜）

According to its imaging structure, it can be divided into three categories: rigid tube endoscope; Optical fiber endoscope (can be divided into soft mirror and hard mirror); Electronic endoscope (can be divided into soft mirror and hard mirror)

1、硬管式内窥镜

1. Hard tube endoscope

2、光学纤维内窥镜

2. Optical fiber endoscope

3、电子内窥镜

3. Electronic endoscope

使用期间的相关故障举例：

Examples of relevant faults during use:

（1）光源系统常见的故障

(1) Common faults of light source system

（a）光线发暗。排除了是光栅遮挡的原因外，基本可以肯定是灯泡接近使用寿命，更换新灯泡则可。氙光灯泡的使用寿命一般设计在500小时，如果光源系统有寿命计时装置，这个问题就很容易解决。

(a) The light is dim. It is ruled out that the light bulb is close to its service life, and it can be replaced with a new light bulb. The service life of xenon light bulb is generally designed to be 500 hours. If the light source system has a life timer, this problem can be easily solved.

（b）开机灯泡不亮。如果排除了烧掉灯泡这个原因的话，那么问题常常就出在主机高压点火电路部分，因为开机的时候机器会产生上万伏特的脉冲高压，元件会老化得特别快。注意此时不能用万用表去检查脉冲高压。

(b) The power on bulb does not light up. If the reason of burning out the bulb is ruled out, the problem is often in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the host, because the machine will generate tens of thousands of volts of pulse high voltage when it is turned on, and the components will age very quickly. Note that you cannot use a multimeter to check the pulse high voltage at this time.

（2）人工气腹系统常见的故障

(2) Common faults of artificial pneumoperitoneum system

（a）压力显示不正确。这多是气体压力传感器损坏，如果机器设计有一组多个压差压力传感器同时工作的，一般一个老化或者污染无法工作的时候，我们要把这组传感器全部更换，否则只换其中一个，其他的同组的传感器寿命也接近临界了。

(a) The pressure display is incorrect. This is mostly due to the damage of gas pressure sensors. If the machine is designed to have a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working at the same time, generally when one of them is aging or polluted and cannot work, we should replace all of these sensors, otherwise only one of them will be replaced, and the life of other sensors of the same group will also be near the critical point.

（b）流量不准确。气体流量传感器损坏更换即可。有时候是通过压差来计算流量的，这时候我们就要更换新的压差传感器。

(b) The flow is not accurate. If the gas flow sensor is damaged, replace it. Sometimes the flow is calculated by differential pressure. At this time, we need to replace a new differential pressure sensor.

（c）设备漏气。很多情况是器械密封圈老化而引起的。但也有设备机械减压阀漏气和电磁阀损坏的原因，这个比较容易判断出并对其进行修复。

(c) The equipment leaks air. Many cases are caused by the aging of the device sealing ring. However, there are also reasons for leakage of mechanical pressure reducing valve and damage of solenoid valve, which can be easily identified and repaired.

为了尽可能减少设备故障的发生，应设立腹腔镜专用手术间，以减少仪器的搬动及损坏，并指派护士使用和保养，相关使用人员严格执行操作规程，抓好手术前检查、术中故障排除、术后及时维护保养3个环节。您有什么问题可以随时来我们网站http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn咨询了解！

In order to reduce the occurrence of equipment failure as much as possible, a special operating room for laparoscope should be set up to reduce the handling and damage of the instrument, and nurses should be assigned to use and maintain it. Relevant users should strictly implement the operating procedures, and pay attention to the three links of pre operation inspection, troubleshooting during operation, and timely maintenance after operation. You can come to our website at any time if you have any questions http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn Ask about it!