在现代医疗领域，内窥镜设备是不可或缺的诊断与治疗工具，广泛应用于各类微创手术、无创检查等场景，像腹腔镜手术、胃肠镜检查等。其能够深入人体内部，为医生提供直观、清晰的图像，帮助精准判断病情。不过，由于频繁使用以及设备本身的精密性，内窥镜设备难免会出现故障，此时有效的维修就显得尤为关键。

In the modern medical field, endoscopic equipment is an indispensable diagnostic and therapeutic tool, widely used in various minimally invasive surgeries, non-invasive examinations, and other scenarios, such as laparoscopic surgery, gastrointestinal endoscopy, etc. It can penetrate deep into the human body, providing doctors with intuitive and clear images to help accurately diagnose the condition. However, due to frequent use and the precision of the equipment itself, endoscopic devices are inevitably prone to malfunctions, making effective maintenance particularly crucial.

常见故障类型

Common types of faults

图像显示故障

Image display malfunction

图像异常显示：监视器输出图像时，出现水平或垂直彩色条纹干扰，又或是彩色雪花状闪烁。这大概率是高清摄像头手柄与电缆连接点因反复弯曲、拉扯导致电缆损坏，亦或是电缆线与主机相连插头老化腐蚀，接触不良。此外，手术室内如电刀这类高频高电流设备产生的信号干扰，尤其是电凝棒、电刀笔等器械漏电时，也会引发此类问题。

Abnormal image display: When the monitor outputs an image, there may be horizontal or vertical color stripe interference, or color snowflake like flickering. This is most likely due to repeated bending and pulling at the connection point between the high-definition camera handle and the cable, resulting in cable damage, or aging and corrosion of the plug connecting the cable to the host, leading to poor contact. In addition, signal interference generated by high-frequency and high current equipment such as electric knives in the operating room, especially when electric coagulation rods, electric knives, pens and other instruments leak electricity, can also cause such problems.

监视器无图像：一是监视器黑屏，既无图像也无内窥镜视野框，可能是监视器本身故障，像外置 12V 直流电源适配器未正常供电，或者是信号输入故障；二是监视器有内窥镜视野框，却无图像，极有可能是内窥镜自身问题，比如电子软镜漏水致使 CCD 底座腐蚀、损坏，硬镜弯折变形、物镜碎裂等 。

Monitor without image: Firstly, the monitor has a black screen, without any image or endoscope field of view frame, which may be due to a malfunction of the monitor itself, such as an external 12V DC power adapter not supplying power properly, or a signal input failure; The second issue is that the monitor has an endoscope field of view frame but no image, which is highly likely due to problems with the endoscope itself, such as corrosion or damage to the CCD base caused by electronic soft lens leakage, bending and deformation of the hard lens, and breakage of the objective lens.

内窥镜故障

Endoscope malfunction

硬管内窥镜故障：图像暗淡可能是冷光源灯泡使用时长超 500h、光纤断裂有暗点，又或是内窥镜导光束接头污染；图像模糊多因宝石保护玻璃磨损老化、物镜密封性遭破坏；图像不全通常是内部柱状透镜断裂、崩边；镜体明显变形、缺损则是因操作人员使用钬激光、高频电刀等设备时打伤物镜，操作镜子与鞘管连接不当，以及消毒灭菌时撞击、摔碰造成 。

Hard tube endoscope malfunction: The dim image may be due to the use of a cold light bulb for more than 500 hours, fiber breakage with dark spots, or contamination of the endoscope guide beam connector; Image blurring is often caused by the wear and aging of gemstone protective glass, as well as damage to the sealing of the objective lens; Incomplete images are usually caused by internal cylindrical lens fractures or broken edges; The obvious deformation and damage of the mirror body are caused by the operator injuring the objective lens when using holmium laser, high-frequency electric knife and other equipment, improper connection between the mirror and the sheath tube, as well as impact and falling during disinfection and sterilization.

电子软镜故障：漏水最为常见，泄漏点可能在弯曲橡皮、插入管、钳道管、角度旋钮处、按钮等部位；水气堵塞多是先端水气喷嘴被污物堵塞；角钮虚位并弯曲角度不足是由于角度钢丝老化变松 。

Electronic soft mirror malfunction: Water leakage is the most common, and the leakage point may be in the bent rubber, insertion tube, clamp tube, angle knob, button and other parts; Water vapor blockage is often caused by the blockage of the front water vapor nozzle by dirt; The virtual position and insufficient bending angle of the corner knob are due to the aging and loosening of the angle steel wire.

其他配套设备和器械故障

Other supporting equipment and instruments malfunction

例如送气送水装置故障，像送气正常但送不出水，可能是送水储水杯盖未拧紧、连接水管漏气、打气泵或气泵单向阀问题，甚至是单向阀到通气接口处的软管破裂。又比如光源故障，导致光线不足或不稳定，影响图像采集 。

For example, if the air and water delivery device malfunctions, such as normal air delivery but unable to deliver water, it may be due to the loose lid of the water storage cup, air leakage in the connecting water pipe, problems with the air pump or one-way valve of the air pump, or even a broken hose from the one-way valve to the ventilation interface. For example, a light source malfunction can result in insufficient or unstable light, affecting image acquisition.

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