1、先外部，后内部。不要动不动就打开机壳，没有初步的判断和排除就喜欢铺开摊子，指望打开机壳看哪里有断线或明显故障之处,纯粹是在碰运气，即使好运也不可能每次都这样。约有50%故障是由外部环境或操作、清洁等造成的。如是否关机时间长了？昼夜温差是否很大？仪器放置的位置是否离电梯间很近? 仪器附近还有什么仪器在使用？计算机设置是否正确？等等。

1. First external, then internal. Don't open the casing at any moment. If you don't have a preliminary judgment and troubleshooting, you like to spread out the situation. Relying on opening the casing to see where there are broken wires or obvious faults is purely a stroke of luck. Even good luck cannot always be like this. About 50% of malfunctions are caused by external environments, operations, cleaning, etc. Is the shutdown time too long? Is there a significant temperature difference between day and night? Is the instrument placed close to the elevator? What other instruments are in use near the instruments? Is the computer settings correct? Wait a minute.

2、先电源，后主机；先附件，后主机。应先检查电源是否稳定、负载是否过重、地线是否良好、电极等附件是否良好和正常、各接口是否正确等。

2. Power supply first, then host; First the attachment, then the host. It is necessary to first check whether the power supply is stable, whether the load is too heavy, whether the ground wire is in good condition, whether the electrodes and other accessories are in good and normal condition, and whether all interfaces are correct.

3、充分利用仪器面板上各种按键、显示屏幕和操作 或维修程序等。

3. Make full use of various buttons, display screens, and operation or maintenance programs on the instrument panel.

4、了解用户的操作习惯、操作人员结构和水平，科室经济情况等也会对维修有很大帮助。如可推断清洁保养的如何，是否有欲更新的想法。

4. Understanding the user's operating habits, the structure and level of operators, and the economic situation of the department can also be of great help in maintenance. If it can be inferred how the cleaning and maintenance are going, do you have any ideas for updates.

5、不轻易更换原来仪器上的元器件和板子、管道等，因为有些元器件与板子、软件数据相关。更不能靠不停地换板子和部件来缩小故障源。

5. It is not easy to replace the original components, boards, pipelines, etc. on the instrument, as some components are related to board and software data. We cannot reduce the source of faults by constantly replacing boards and components.