经过长期的手术室仪器设备维修，发现故障根据维修难易和故障大小，可分为复杂故障、中等故障和简单故障。经统计分析：复杂故障的概率只有15%（如主机、主要电路坏），由于各种条件限制，这部分故障难以在手术室现场短时间内完成，必须撤机维修。中等故障占25%左右，而简单故障却达到60%左右，其中使用不当或操作失误引起故障占30%左右。无论何种故障，我们都必须懂得仪器的工作原理，凭借丰富的维修经验技术处理。

　　After a long-term operation room instrument and equipment maintenance, it is found that the fault can be divided into complex fault, medium fault and simple fault according to the maintenance difficulty and fault size. According to statistical analysis, the probability of complex fault is only 15% (such as the main engine and main circuit are broken). Due to various conditions, this part of fault is difficult to be completed in the operating room in a short time, so it must be removed for maintenance. Medium fault accounts for about 25%, while simple fault accounts for about 60%, among which the fault caused by improper use or operation error accounts for about 30%. No matter what kind of fault, we must understand the working principle of the instrument and deal with it with rich maintenance experience and technology.

　　（1）摄像显像系统常见的故障

　　(1) Common faults of video imaging system

　　（a）图像有干扰。一般是因为用电刀等高频设备的时候对线路产生干扰，这时候我们要检查的是摄像头与连接中的屏蔽线是否有接通。还有一种情况就是没有使用高频设备的时候也会出现干扰条纹，这时候是连接线信号线由于长期使用，屏蔽层磨损。需要看是摄像头的连接处出问题还是整条线体老化，前者需要重新焊接，而后者则需要更换连接导线了。目前更换原装进口的3m长的连接导线价格在10000RMB左右。所以使用过程中尽量避免导线在地上被仪器车或手术车碾过。

　　(a) There is interference in the image. Generally, it is because the high-frequency equipment such as electric knife interferes with the line. At this time, we need to check whether the camera is connected to the shield wire in the connection. Another situation is that interference fringes will appear when the high-frequency equipment is not used. At this time, the shielding layer of the connecting line signal line is worn due to long-term use. It depends on whether the connection of the camera is faulty or the whole line is aging. The former needs to be re welded, and the latter needs to replace the connecting wire. At present, the price for replacing the 3M long connecting wire imported from the original factory is about 10000 RMB. So in the process of use, try to avoid the wire being run over by the instrument car or the operation car on the ground.

　　（b）图像偏色。在白平衡后和排除其他配套设备的影响下都无法还原景物的颜色时，我们认为可能是由导线老化信号传递缺陷引起的，也可能是摄像头电路元件老化变质，又或者是由摄像头CCD老化引起。此时我们只需更换相应的配件则可。

　　(b) Image skew. When the color of the scene cannot be restored after the white balance and the influence of other supporting equipment is excluded, we think it may be caused by the aging signal transmission defect of the wire, the aging deterioration of the camera circuit components, or the aging of the camera CCD. At this time, we only need to replace the corresponding accessories.

　　（c）摄像主机的故障一般少有发生。如果发生的软件故障（程序故障）只能拿回厂家更换程序芯片了。

　　(c) The failure of camera host usually seldom occurs. In case of software failure (program failure), the manufacturer can only replace the program chip.

　　（2）影像记录系统常见的故障

　　(2) Common faults of image recording system

　　（a）脚踏开关失灵。

　　(a) Foot switch failure.

　　（b）视屏连接线接触不良。

　　(b) The connection wire of video screen is in poor contact.

　　（c）电脑硬件故障。

　　(c) Computer hardware failure.

　　（d）系统软件或图像采集软件故障。

　　(d) System software or image acquisition software failure.

　　这些都是比较简单的问题,这里不再展开讨论。

　　These are relatively simple problems. We will not discuss them here.

　　（3）光源系统常见的故障

　　(3) Common faults of light source system

　　a）光线发暗。排除了是光栅遮挡的原因外，基本可以肯定是灯泡接近使用寿命，更换新灯泡则可。氙光灯泡的使用寿命一般设计在500小时，如果光源系统有寿命计时装置，这个问题就很容易解决。

　　a) The light is dim. Excluding the reasons for grating occlusion, it is basically certain that the bulb is close to the service life, and replacement of a new bulb is OK. The service life of xenon light bulb is generally designed at 500 hours. If the light source system has a life timer, this problem can be easily solved.

　　（b）开机灯泡不亮。如果排除了烧掉灯泡这个原因的话，那么问题常常就出在主机高压点火电路部分，因为开机的时候机器会产生上万伏特的脉冲高压，元件会老化得特别快。注意此时不能用万用表去检查脉冲高压。

　　(b) The light bulb does not work when the machine is turned on. If the reason of burning the bulb is excluded, the problem is often in the high-voltage ignition circuit of the main engine, because when the machine is turned on, tens of thousands of volts of pulse high voltage will be generated, and the components will age very fast. Note that the multimeter cannot be used to check the pulse high voltage at this time.

　　（4）人工气腹系统常见的故障

　　(4) Common faults of artificial pneumoperitoneum system

　　（a）压力显示不正确。这多是气体压力传感器损坏，如果机器设计有一组多个压差压力传感器同时工作的，一般一个老化或者污染无法工作的时候，我们要把这组传感器全部更换，否则只换其中一个，其他的同组的传感器寿命也接近临界了。

　　(a) The pressure display is not correct. This is mostly due to the damage of gas pressure sensor. If the machine is designed to have a group of multiple differential pressure sensors working at the same time, generally when an aging or pollution cannot work, we need to replace all the sensors in this group, otherwise only one of them will be replaced, and the life of other sensors in the same group is close to the critical point.

　　（b）流量不准确。气体流量传感器损坏更换即可。有时候是通过压差来计算流量的，这时候我们就要更换新的压差传感器。

　　(b) The flow is not accurate. Replace the damaged gas flow sensor. Sometimes the flow is calculated by the differential pressure. At this time, we need to replace the new differential pressure sensor.

　　（c）设备漏气。很多情况是器械密封圈老化而引起的。但也有设备机械减压阀漏气和电磁阀损坏的原因，这个比较容易判断出并对其进行修复。

　　(c) Air leakage of equipment. Many cases are caused by the aging of the sealing ring of the instrument. But there are also reasons for leakage of mechanical pressure reducing valve and damage of solenoid valve, which is easy to judge and repair.

　　（5）液体加压系统常见的故障

　　(5) Common faults of liquid pressure system

　　（a）蠕动泵损坏。

　　(a) The peristaltic pump is damaged.

　　（b）液体压力传感器损坏。其原理基本与气体压力传感器相同。

　　(b) The liquid pressure sensor is damaged. Its principle is basically the same as that of gas pressure sensor.

　　（c）设备内部电路损坏。

　　(c) The internal circuit of the equipment is damaged.

　　（6）电凝电切系统常见的故障

　　(6) Common faults of electric coagulation and electric cutting system

　　（a）设备配件损坏。如脚踏开关，负极板导线，连接导线等常用的易损配件。

　　(a) Equipment accessories are damaged. Such as foot switch, negative plate wire, connecting wire and other commonly used vulnerable accessories.

　　（b）电切、电凝，双极故障。在设备内部，这些部分都由不同的电路模块组成。我们可以根据其表现的故障现象对相应的模块电路进行维修或更换。

　　(b) Electric cutting, electrocoagulation, bipolar fault. Inside the device, these parts are made up of different circuit modules. We can repair or replace the corresponding module circuit according to the fault phenomenon.

　　（7）动力、消融系统常见的故障

　　(7) Common faults of power and ablation system

　　（a）动力系统主要是刨削刀头的磨损和刨削手柄中的高能电机出现问题，而电机的更换是有选择性的，并不是每种电机都有更换配件的。因此在消毒和使用过程中要分外注意保护。

　　(a) The power system is mainly the abrasion of the planer head and the problem of the high-energy motor in the planer handle, and the replacement of the motor is selective, not every motor has replacement parts. Therefore, in the process of disinfection and use, special attention should be paid to protection.

　　（b）消融系统在手术应用中主要是刀头的损耗。而设备故障多为电路故障，一般从输出部分着手。

　　(b) The ablation system is mainly the loss of the blade in the operation. Most of the equipment faults are circuit faults, generally starting from the output part.

　　（8）冲洗吸引系统常见故障

　　(8) Common faults of flushing suction system

　　（a）压力或者吸力不足。设备中的双向泵老化,或者负压瓶漏气。

　　(a) Insufficient pressure or suction. The two-way pump in the equipment is aging, or the negative pressure bottle leaks air.

　　（b）设备无法开机,一般多为液体进入设备,在没烧坏相关部件的情况下清理干净被错吸的液体就可以了。

　　(b) The equipment can't be started. Generally, the liquid enters the equipment. It's OK to clean up the liquid wrongly sucked without burning the relevant parts.