1. No image

（1）原因分析：没有图像是内窥镜常出现的故障，物镜的损坏或者进水、内管柱状透镜的碎裂都会出现没有图像的现象，而内管透镜只要其中一个柱状透体碎裂就会导致没有图像。

(1) Cause analysis: no image is the most common fault of the endoscope. There will be no image due to the damage of the objective lens, water inflow and the fragmentation of the inner tubular cylindrical lens. As long as one of the cylindrical transparent bodies of the inner tubular lens is broken, there will be no image.

（2）排除方法：，借助放大镜检查镜身有没有凹痕或者弯曲；其次，看物镜端有没有破裂；检查镜子是否因密封性能不好造成进水。

(2) Troubleshooting: first, check whether the lens body is dented or bent with the help of a magnifying glass; Secondly, check whether the objective lens end is broken; Check the mirror for water ingress due to poor sealing performance.

2.图像发暗

2. Image darkening

（1）原因分析：图像发暗通常是由光源引起的，物镜和光纤上的污物及硬镜管内有潮气进入也会使图像发暗。

(1) Cause analysis: image darkening is usually caused by the light source. Dirt on the objective lens and optical fiber and moisture in the hard lens tube will also darken the image.

（2）排除方法：，采用更换法检查光纤是不是断裂太多（一般情况下光纤断裂不超过15%可以继续使用，一旦超过15%就会出现图像发暗的现象）；其次，检查硬镜的物镜和光纤上有没有污物及灰尘；检查镜子的密封性是否完好。

(2) Elimination method: first, check whether the optical fiber is broken too much by using the replacement method (generally, the optical fiber can be used again if it is broken no more than 15%, and the image will be darkened if it is more than 15%); Secondly, check whether there is dirt and dust on the objective lens and optical fiber of the hard lens; Check whether the tightness of the mirror is intact.

3、图像发黄

3. Image yellowing

（1）原因分析：图像发黄大多数情况是由于物镜组故障导致。

(1) Cause analysis: the yellowing of the image is mostly caused by the failure of the objective lens group.

（2）排除方法：，查看机器上的色彩参数是否设置正确；其次，检查是不是有潮气进入内镜；观察物镜组上的黏胶有没有老化引起的发黄。

(2) Troubleshooting: first, check whether the color parameters on the machine are set correctly; Secondly, check whether there is moisture entering the endoscope; Observe whether the adhesive on the objective lens group is yellowing caused by aging.

4、图像内发现灰尘

4. Dust found in image

（1）原因分析：图像内有灰尘一是物镜、目镜外有污物或者是整个光学系统比较脏引起的，二是柱状透体与间隔管柱在使用期间有摩擦现象，也会产生细小粉末，时间长以灰尘状反映在图像上。

(1) Cause analysis: there is dust in the image. Firstly, there is dirt outside the objective lens and eyepiece or the whole optical system is dirty. Secondly, there is friction between the cylindrical transparent body and the spacer string during use, which will also produce fine powder, which will be reflected in the image in the form of dust for a long time.

（2）排除方法：检查物镜和目镜上有没有污物、灰尘和划痕。

(2) Troubleshooting: check the objective lens and eyepiece for dirt, dust and scratches.

5、雾状图像

5. Fog image

（1）原因分析：产生雾状图像主要是有水汽进入，特别是由于老化，水汽从物镜端、目镜端及光纤封口处进入镜体。

(1) Cause analysis: the fog image is mainly caused by the entry of water vapor, especially due to aging, water vapor enters the lens body from the objective end, eyepiece end and optical fiber seal.

（2）排除方法：检查物镜和目镜端的密封性，检查光纤接口处的密封性。

(2) Troubleshooting: check the tightness of the objective lens and eyepiece ends and the tightness of the optical fiber interface.

6、图像变形有阴影

6. Image deformation with shadows

（1）原因分析：图像变形有阴影多是由人为因素导致的工作管受力弯曲变形所致，也有可能是成像系统里面出现松动引起的。

(1) Cause analysis: the shadow of image deformation is mostly caused by the bending deformation of working pipe caused by human factors, or it may be caused by looseness in the imaging system.

（2）排除方法：转动镜子检查镜身是否扭曲或者弯曲。

(2) Troubleshooting: turn the mirror to check whether the mirror body is distorted or bent.