提到医用内窥镜检查，大家马上就会想到胃和大肠等消化器官检查的工具的人可能比较多。医用内窥镜发展至今有100多年了，如今已经涉及到了很多很多方面。其实除了消化器官以外，针对不同脏器、或者不同的使用目的，还生产了非常多种类的内窥镜。按照目的不同，其粗细和长度也多种多样。

When it comes to medical endoscopy, you will immediately think that there are more people who use the tools for the examination of stomach, large intestine and other digestive organs. Medical endoscope has been developed for more than 100 years, and now it has involved many aspects. In fact, in addition to digestive organs, there are many kinds of endoscopes for different organs or different purposes. According to different purposes, its thickness and length are also varied.

（1）脑内窥镜、（2）耳鼻喉内窥镜、（3）胸腔镜、（4）支气管内窥镜、（5）上消化道通用内窥镜、（6）腹腔镜、（7）十二指肠镜、（8）胰管镜、（9）胆道镜、（10）小肠内窥镜、（11）大肠内窥镜、（12）直肠镜

(1) Brain endoscopy, (2) ent endoscopy, (3) thoracoscopy, (4) bronchial endoscopy, (5) upper gastrointestinal general endoscopy, (6) laparoscopy, (7) duodenoscopy, (8) pancreatic duct endoscopy, (9) choledochoscopy, (10) small intestine endoscopy, (11) large intestine endoscopy, (12) rectum endoscopy

泌尿科用内窥镜

Endoscope for urology

（13）经皮肾镜

(13) Percutaneous nephroscope

（14）膀胱尿道镜、输尿管镜、前列腺电切镜

(14) Cystourethroscope, ureteroscope and transurethral resection of prostate
           

妇产科用内窥镜

Endoscope for obstetrics and Gynecology

（15）子宫镜、羊水镜、盆腔镜

(15) Hysteroscopy, amnioscopy, pelvic endoscopy

（16）关节镜

(16) Arthroscopy

在观察和治疗中使用频率较高的仍然是消化道用内窥镜。从使用目的上来看，首先是通过观察找到病灶。除了用肉眼看以外，还可以通过照片或视频进行观察，并采集使用显微镜诊断疾病所需的组织等。对于观察胃和肠等管腔。

In the observation and treatment of high frequency is still the use of gastrointestinal endoscopy. From the purpose of use, the first is to find the focus through observation. In addition to the naked eye, it can also be observed through photos or videos, and the tissues needed for the diagnosis of diseases by microscope can be collected. For the observation of gastric and intestinal lumen.

脏器的内部（粘膜）来说，可以说是很有效的检查。

Internal organs (mucosa), can be said to be very effective examination.

此外，还可以进行处置治疗。可以进行病变部分的切除和止血、胆结石等的碎石排石、摘除异物等，带来的肉体上、精神上的痛苦小于开腹手术。

In addition, it can also be treated. It can remove the diseased part and stop bleeding, remove gallstones and other stones, remove foreign bodies, and bring less physical and mental pain than open surgery.

如上所述，现在，内窥镜不再单纯地用于观察患处，而是已经成为一种可以进行组织采集、治疗处置的非常有用的工具。

As mentioned above, endoscopy is no longer simply used to observe the affected area, but has become a very useful tool for tissue collection, treatment and disposal.

另一方面，为了防止内窥镜检查引起的事故和感染等，医生们非常努力地磨练技术，谨慎操作，不敢懈怠。同时，在清洗、消毒等设备维护保养方面也非常注意。

On the other hand, in order to prevent accidents and infections caused by endoscopy, doctors work very hard to hone their skills, operate cautiously and dare not slack off. At the same time, in cleaning, disinfection and other equipment maintenance is also very attention.