输尿管软镜取肾结石技术，单纯适用于2cm以下肾结石，发展到结合其它辅助手术设备，适用于2cm以上包括柱状结石和鹿角状结石，大致方法如下：
The technique of flexible ureteroscopy for kidney stones less than 2 cm was developed to be suitable for more than 2 cm including columnar stones and staghorn stones
1、提前一周置入输尿管支架管，建立手术通道；
1. The ureteral stent was inserted one week in advance to establish the operation channel;
2、通过输尿管置入软镜鞘，输尿管软镜经软镜鞘进入肾盂，在显示屏监视下激光碎石，输尿管再置输尿管支架，避免输尿管狭窄；
2. The flexible ureteroscope sheath was inserted through the ureter. The flexible ureteroscope entered the renal pelvis through the flexible lens sheath. Laser lithotripsy was performed under the monitoring of the display screen. Finally, ureteral stent was placed in the ureter to avoid ureteral stricture;
3、术后观察结石率，若排出彻底，可在一月后拔出输尿管支架管，若仍有残余结石，需依据病情评估，选择合适方案。
3. After the operation, the stone clearance rate was observed. If the stone was discharged completely, the ureteral stent could be pulled out one month later. If there are still residual stones, the appropriate treatment should be selected according to the assessment of the disease condition.
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