医用电子内窥镜是一种可插入人体体腔和脏器内腔进行直接观察，诊断的医用电子光学仪器。通过它能直接观察人体内脏器官的组织形态，可提高诊断的准确性。下面来讲讲它的基本组成结构及工作原理吧。

Medical electronic endoscope is a kind of medical electronic optical instrument that can be inserted into the body cavity and organ cavity for direct observation, diagnosis and treatment. It can directly observe the tissue morphology of human internal organs and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Let's talk about its basic composition, structure and working principle.

1.基本组成结构

1. Basic composition

电子内窥镜的主要结构由CCD耦合腔镜、腔内冷光照明系统、视频处理系统、和显示打印系统等部分组成。CCD耦合腔镜将CCD耦合器件置于腔镜先端，直接对腔内组织或部位进行直接摄像，经电缆传输信号到图像中心。

The main structure of electronic endoscope is composed of CCD coupling cavity mirror, cavity cold light lighting system, video processing system, display and printing system, etc. CCD coupling cavity mirror places the CCD coupler at the front of the cavity mirror, directly takes pictures of the tissue or part in the cavity, and transmits the signal to the image center through the cable.

2.工作原理

2. Working principle

电子内窥镜工作原理是冷光源对所检查或手术部位照明后物镜将被测物体成像在CCD光敏面上，CCD将光信号转换成电信号，由电缆传输视频处理器，经处理还原后显示在监视器上。

The working principle of electronic endoscope is that after the cold light source illuminates the examined or surgical part, the objective lens will image the measured object on the CCD photosensitive surface, the CCD will convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to the video processor by cable, and then displayed on the monitor after processing and restoration.

CCD光敏面由规律排列的二极管组成，每一个二极管称为一个像素(pictureelemont)，像素的多寡决定像质的优劣。目前的制作工艺普遍可达到30～41万像素。

CCD photosensitive surface is composed of regularly arranged diodes. Each diode is called a pictureemont. The number of pixels determines the quality of image. The current production process can generally reach 300 ~ 410000 pixels.

电子内窥镜靶面和有效尺寸为Fi(外径)=2mm左右，而且CCD输出信号的一级放大电路也要包含在2mm的圆柱体积内。电子内窥镜像质的好坏主要取决于CCD性能，其次还有驱动电路和后处理系统的技术指标，包括分辨率、灵敏度、信躁、光谱响应、暗电流、动态范围和图像滞后等。

The target surface and effective size of the electronic endoscope are fi (outer diameter) =2mm, and the primary amplification circuit of the CCD output signal should also be included in the cylindrical volume of 2mm. The quality of electronic endoscope image mainly depends on the performance of CCD, followed by the technical indicators of driving circuit and post-processing system, including resolution, sensitivity, signal intensity, spectral response, dark current, dynamic range and image lag.

内窥镜维修公司提醒您，CCD的安装有几种方式，当设计由CCD代替纤镜中的光纤传像束时，形成电子内窥镜先端部安装CCD的一种方法，即CCD的受光面垂直于物镜光轴方向，是简单的结构，在这种情况下，须使用超小型的CCD，这样可使先端的硬性部较短。

The endoscope maintenance company reminds you that there are several ways to install the CCD. When the CCD is designed to replace the optical fiber image beam in the fiber mirror, a method to install the CCD at the front end of the electronic endoscope is formed, that is, the light receiving surface of the CCD is perpendicular to the optical axis direction of the objective lens, which is a simple structure. In this case, a subminiature CCD must be used, which can make the hard part of the front end shorter.

二种是CCD的受光面平行于物镜光轴，物镜射来的光通过一个90°的转向棱镜照射到CCD的受光面上。此结构的电子内窥镜的像素数可提高的空间较大，目前逐渐趋向于采用此安装方法。

The second is that the light receiving surface of the CCD is parallel to the optical axis of the objective lens, and the light from the objective lens shines on the light receiving surface of the CCD through a 90 ° turning prism. The number of pixels of the electronic endoscope with this structure can be increased in a large space, and this installation method is gradually used at present.

医用电子内窥镜基本组成结构及工作原理大体就是以上所讲解的内容了，只有充分进行了解才能更好更顺利的使用它工作，更多相关事项的了解就来我们网站http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn看看吧。

The basic composition, structure and working principle of medical electronic endoscope are basically the contents explained above. Only by fully understanding it can we use it better and work more smoothly. For more information about related matters, please come to our website http://www.jiangrenyiliao.cn Take a look.