要想正确使用硬管内窥镜就应该了解它的结构。目前世界上各个硬管内窥镜生产厂的产品虽然光路不同、外观不同，但是其基本结构都是一致的：由工作镜管部分、结构部分、眼罩部分、光缆接口部分组成。结构主体部分、眼罩部分、光缆接口部分除了受到剧烈的磕碰一般不易受损。容易损坏的部分就是工作镜管部分。
In order to use the rigid tube endoscope correctly, we should understand its structure. At present, although the products of various hard tube endoscope manufacturers in the world have different optical paths and different appearances, their basic structures are the same: they are composed of working mirror tube part, structural part, eye mask part and optical cable interface part. The main part of the structure, the eye mask part and the optical cable interface part are not easy to be damaged except for severe collision. The most easily damaged part is the working mirror tube.
以φ4mm硬管内窥镜为例：工作镜管主要由四个部分组成：外镜管、内镜管、光学镜片、光导纤维。光学镜片放在内镜管组成光学系统，光导纤维放在内、外镜管之间负责照明。外镜管是0.1mm厚φ4mm不锈钢管，受到磕碰或挤压都会变形。
with φ Take 4mm hard tube endoscope as an example: the working mirror tube is mainly composed of four parts: external mirror tube, endoscope tube, optical lens and optical fiber. The optical lens is placed in the endoscope tube to form an optical system, and the optical fiber is placed between the inner and outer mirror tubes for lighting. The outer mirror tube is 0.1mm thick φ 4mm stainless steel pipe will be deformed by collision or extrusion.

光学镜片大部分是φ2.8mm长25mm左右的玻璃柱，受到轻微的磕碰和挤压就会开裂、崩边或者光轴偏移，我们常见的内窥镜视野模糊、边缘发黑多是此类原因。
Most of the optical lenses are φ The glass column with a length of about 2.8mm and a length of about 25mm will crack, collapse edges or offset the optical axis when slightly bumped and squeezed. Our common endoscope has blurred field of vision and blackened edges.
光导纤维是由极细的光学玻璃制成，一支φ4mm窥镜要装1500根以上，在外镜管内受到外力回造成断丝，影响光照度。硬管内窥镜各机构的连接大都是用环氧树脂胶粘接，胶的质量和封装技术也影响窥镜的使用寿命。硬管内窥镜虽然娇贵，但是只要能够正确的使用和维护，就不会损坏。
The optical fiber is made of very fine optical glass φ More than 1500 4mm endoscopes shall be installed, which will be broken by external force in the outer mirror tube, affecting the illumination. The connection of each mechanism of hard tube endoscope is mostly bonded with epoxy resin adhesive. The quality of adhesive and packaging technology also affect the service life of endoscope. Although the hard tube endoscope is delicate, it will not be damaged as long as it can be used and maintained correctly.