内窥镜是一根细长的挠性管，顶部带有微型摄像头，管中有一个通道，可让各种仪器通过，包括圈套器和活检设备。内窥镜是用于帮助诊断和治疗各种胃肠道和呼吸系统疾病的医学方法。根据症状，主要用于检查喉，胃和肠的内壁，结肠或呼吸道（鼻，喉和肺），可以收集这些区域的样本，然后进行分析以确定疾病的性质。

The endoscope is a slender flexible tube with a micro camera on the top and a channel in the tube for various instruments, including snares and biopsy equipment. Endoscopy is a medical method used to help diagnose and treat various gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases. According to the symptoms, it is mainly used to examine the inner wall of the larynx, stomach and intestine, colon or respiratory tract (nose, larynx and lung). Samples from these areas can be collected and analyzed to determine the nature of the disease.

当常规血液检查，尿液检查，x光和超声检查无法确定原因时，应使用内窥镜检查。检查胃肠道和呼吸道的内壁有助于更顺利地找到问题的根源。对于较薄的异常组织，可以在内窥镜检查过程中将样品切下并取出进行活检分析。在异物阻塞的情况下，内窥镜检查是可以替代“切口手术”的治疗方法。

When routine blood test, urine test, X-ray and ultrasound can not determine the cause, endoscopy should be used. Examining the inner walls of the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tract can help to find the root of the problem more smoothly. For thinner abnormal tissue, the sample can be cut off and taken out for biopsy analysis during endoscopy. In the case of foreign body obstruction, endoscopy is an alternative to "incision surgery".

如果需要进行全层活检，通常不建议使用内窥镜。此外，内窥镜无法用于检测肠道异物或中肠疾病。

Endoscopy is generally not recommended if a full-thickness biopsy is required. In addition, endoscopy cannot be used to detect intestinal foreign bodies or midgut diseases.

内窥镜可以用来检查什么？

What can endoscopy be used to examine?

内窥镜检查可以显示胃中是否有异物。它也可用于揭示胃，肠，结肠或呼吸道中是否有可疑或异常区域。如有必要，内窥镜还可以帮助兽医进行活检。

Endoscopy can show whether there are foreign bodies in the stomach. It can also be used to reveal whether there are suspicious or abnormal areas in the stomach, intestine, colon or respiratory tract. If necessary, endoscopy can also help veterinarians with biopsies.
             

如何对狗进行内窥镜检查？内窥镜检查在全身麻醉下进行。一旦受影响的狗失去知觉，兽医就会准备好通气管，然后可以开始进行内窥镜检查。内窥镜的尖 端将涂有少量润滑剂，以便更轻松地进入狗的身体。首先将内窥镜的尖 端放在身体的孔口（例如嘴，结肠或气管）。然后，操作员使用目镜进一步将仪器安全地引导通过食道，结肠或呼吸道。在某些情况下，兽医会将空气传递到试管中以扩大胃肠道，以进行观察。找到异物或异常区域后，特定的仪器可以通过管中的通道进入体内。通过使用目镜并操作内窥镜的尖 端，该仪器可用于检测特定区域或进行活检样本。操作完成后，从肠道中抽出多余的空气，然后取出内窥镜。任何活检样本须提交给外部实验室进行分析。

How to do endoscopy in dogs? Endoscopy was performed under general anesthesia. Once the affected dog loses consciousness, the veterinarian will have the ventilation tube ready and can then begin the endoscopy. The tip of the endoscope will be coated with a small amount of lubricant to allow easier access to the dog's body. First, place the tip of the endoscope at the orifice of the body (such as the mouth, colon or trachea). The operator then uses the eyepiece to further safely guide the instrument through the esophagus, colon or respiratory tract. In some cases, veterinarians pass air into test tubes to expand the gastrointestinal tract for observation. After finding the foreign body or abnormal area, the specific instrument can enter the body through the channel in the tube. By using an eyepiece and operating the tip of the endoscope, the instrument can be used to detect specific areas or perform biopsy samples. After the operation, the excess air was extracted from the intestine, and then the endoscope was removed. Any biopsy sample must be submitted to an external laboratory for analysis.

内窥镜检查无痛吗？

Is endoscopy painless?

因为手术是在麻醉下进行的，所以狗不会感到疼痛。另外，该测试不会涉及“切口”，因此手术后不会有疼痛感。但是，在手术后，可能由于呼吸管的临时放置而引起不适，但是这种不适也因狗而异。

Because the operation is performed under anesthesia, the dog does not feel pain. In addition, the test does not involve "incisions", so there is no pain after the operation. However, after the operation, it may cause discomfort due to the temporary placement of the respiratory tube, but the discomfort also varies from dog to dog.

内窥镜测试是否需要镇静或麻醉？

Do endoscopic tests require sedation or anesthesia?

如上所述，内窥镜测试需要全身麻醉，以使狗保持神志清醒，无疼痛和肌肉松弛的状态。在正常情况下，宠物将获得镇静药以帮助其放松，然后对其进行简短的静脉麻醉，以使兽医将呼吸管插入其气管，然后在手术过程中连续注入麻醉气体“无意识”状态。

As mentioned above, endoscopic testing requires general anesthesia to keep the dog awake, pain free and muscle relaxed. Under normal circumstances, pets will be given sedatives to help them relax, and then they will be given a brief intravenous anesthesia so that the veterinarian can insert the breathing tube into their trachea, and then continuously inject anesthetic gas into the "unconscious" state during the operation.