With the development of science and technology, the surgery for the treatment of urinary calculi has ushered in a great reform. The traditional open surgery has gradually replaced the minimally invasive surgery of lumen endoscopy. The treatment of renal calculi by ureteroscopy is laser lithotripsy through human's natural urethra.

下面小编整理了一些纤维输尿管软镜的优势：

Here are some advantages of fiber ureteroscopy:

1、适应症广，术后恢复快 手术过程中对生理组织损伤小，能有效减少术后并发症的发生。术后平均住院时间为5-7天，患者能在短期内恢复健康。

1. Kwai Fu is widely used. It can reduce the postoperative physiological complications and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. The average postoperative hospital stay is 5-7 days, and the patients can recover in a short time.

2、手术无创，保护肾脏无损伤 纤维软性肾镜经人体泌尿系统自然通道进入输尿管及肾脏，配合的取石/碎石设备取出泌尿系结石，保护肾脏的同时不会在患者体表留下任何创口。

2. The operation is non-invasive and protects the kidney from damage. The fiber soft nephroscope enters the ureter and kidney through the natural channel of the human urinary system, and cooperates with the advanced stone removal / lithotripsy equipment to remove the urinary calculi, so as to protect the kidney without leaving any wounds on the patient's body surface.

3、定位精确，碎石率更高 手术在清晰视野引导及结石精确定位下，配合双导管、钬激光等碎石设备将其击碎后使其排出体外，结石取净率更高。

3. With accurate positioning and higher lithotripsy rate, under the guidance of clear field of vision and accurate positioning of stones, combined with advanced lithotripsy equipment such as double catheter and holmium laser, the stones are broken and discharged out of the body, and the stone removal rate is higher.

4、软镜，手术视野广阔 术中使用的纤维软性肾镜镜体纤细柔软，镜头可转动弯曲180度，逆行进入肾盂各小盏，快速、准确地找到结石，手术视野广阔清晰。

4. The advanced soft mirror has a wide surgical field of vision. The fiber soft nephroscope used in the operation is thin and soft. The lens can rotate and bend 180 degrees and retrograde into each calyce of the renal pelvis to find stones quickly and accurately. The surgical field of vision is broad and clear.

5、导引鞘，人体腔道伤害小 遵循人体工学设计的输尿管导引鞘拥有亲水涂层，能降低表面摩擦，使手术插入更容易。其前端呈平滑长锥形，可一步扩张到位，减少创伤。

5. The tip guide sheath has little damage to the human lumen. The ureteral guide sheath designed according to ergonomics has a hydrophilic coating, which can reduce the surface friction and make the surgical insertion easier. Its front end is a smooth long cone, which can be expanded in one step to reduce trauma.

在输尿管中取结石，结石回移到肾是手术失败的主要原因。其中主要是在碎石过程中的操作不当引起的，而pcnl的清石率较高，且因为输尿管镜维修成本贵，其发展缓慢。

Taking stones from ureter and moving them back to kidney are the main reasons for the failure of operation. It is mainly caused by improper operation in the process of lithotripsy, while the stone removal rate of PCNL is high, and its development is slow because of the high maintenance cost of ureteroscopy.

随着光学、电子工程技术的发展，放射介入、超声、CT和MRI等诊断技术的广泛应用，以及腔内设备(如超声碎石、液电碎石、气压弹道碎石、激光碎石等)的不断改进，经皮肾镜技术在临床上的应用呈现飞跃性发展。随着临床经验的不断积累及技术细节的逐步改进和完善，经皮肾镜技术成功率不断提高，并发症逐渐降低，范围逐步扩大。

With the development of optical and electronic engineering technology, the wide application of diagnostic technologies such as radiation intervention, ultrasound, CT and MRI, and the continuous improvement of intracavitary equipment (such as ultrasonic lithotripsy, electrohydraulic lithotripsy, pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy, laser lithotripsy, etc.), the clinical application of percutaneous nephroscopy technology presents a leap forward development. With the continuous accumulation of clinical experience and the gradual improvement and perfection of technical details, the success rate of percutaneous nephroscopy technology continues to improve, the complications are gradually reduced, and the scope of treatment is gradually expanded.

随着输尿管软镜及其腔内器械的发展，经皮肾技术的适应范围得到扩大。经皮肾术中配合使用肾镜和输尿管软镜的应用逐步成熟，尤其针对复杂鹿角形结石，减少穿刺通道数目，减少损失，避免手术并发症的发生。如今，经皮肾镜取石技术成为腔内泌尿外科技术重要的组成部分，并极大地推动腔内泌尿外科学的发展。

With the development of ureteroscopy and intraluminal instruments, the scope of application of percutaneous nephrology has been expanded. The application of nephroscope and ureteroscopy in combination with percutaneous nephrology has gradually matured, especially for complex staghorn calculi, so as to reduce the number of puncture channels, reduce losses and avoid the occurrence of surgical complications. Nowadays, percutaneous nephrolithotomy has become an important part of endourology and greatly promoted the development of endourology.

PCNL处理肾结石清石率高的主要原因在于：①多种碎石设备可供选择，如超声碎石、液电碎石、气压弹道碎石、激光等，尤其EMS碎石系统，碎石的同时可以采用负压引用的方式，将结石吸出。②选择合理的通道，单通道即可处理肾内各个角落的结石，不受结石位置的限制。

The main reasons for the high stone removal rate of PCNL in the treatment of kidney stones are as follows: ① a variety of lithotripsy equipment are available, such as ultrasonic lithotripsy, electrohydraulic lithotripsy, pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy, laser, etc., especially EMS lithotripsy system. Negative pressure can be used to suck out the stones at the same time. ② Choose a reasonable channel. A single channel can deal with stones in every corner of the kidney, which is not limited by the location of stones.