物镜部故障

Objective lens malfunction

物镜部作为硬性内窥镜前端，是有可能发生故障的部位。物镜部的物镜盖玻璃和导光束先端则是出现的问题比较多的部件。

The objective section, as the front end of a rigid endoscope, is a potentially faulty area. The objective lens cover glass and the leading end of the guiding beam in the objective lens department are the components with more problems.

（1）故障现象。物镜盖玻璃出现问题时会导致图像模糊、甚是图像缺失。导光束先端出现问题时会导致图像亮度下降、甚是亮度缺失。

(1) Fault phenomenon. When there is a problem with the objective lens cover glass, it can cause blurring or even missing images. When there is a problem with the leading end of the guiding beam, it can lead to a decrease in image brightness, or even a loss of brightness.

（2）故障分析。物镜盖玻璃的故障多是由于使用不当、意外磕碰或者与其他动力设备触碰后发生的破损、磨损、泄漏等情况（图2~3）。导光束出现故障多是因为使用过程中或者清洗过程中的磨损，导致导光束先端变得粗糙或破损（图4）。

(2) Fault analysis. The malfunction of the objective lens cover glass is often caused by improper use, accidental collision, or damage, wear, leakage, etc. after contact with other power equipment (Figure 2-3). The malfunction of the guide beam is often caused by wear and tear during use or cleaning and disinfection, resulting in the roughness or damage of the guide beam tip (Figure 4).

（3）故障方案。物镜部出现故障主要原因是人为误操作导致，为避免故障出现，操作者要做到轻拿轻放，避免与其他物品碰撞。手术操作时，要注意不要与刨削器械或其他动力设备接触，以免损伤硬镜。清洗时，一定注意物镜部不要与坚固的盒或其他器械接触，避免在操作过程中损伤物镜部。物镜部故障可以寻找技术好的第三方维修，因为原厂维修往往会因为物镜部一些小故障更换掉整个物镜部和插入部，造成不必要的浪费。

(3) Troubleshooting solution. The main cause of malfunction in the objective lens department is human error. To avoid malfunctions, operators should handle them with care and avoid collisions with other objects. During surgical operations, be careful not to come into contact with planing instruments or other power equipment to avoid damaging the hard mirror. When cleaning and disinfecting, be sure to avoid contact between the objective lens and sturdy disinfection boxes or other instruments to avoid damaging the objective lens during operation. If there is a malfunction in the objective lens department, it can be repaired by a skilled third-party, as original factory repairs often replace the entire objective lens department and insertion part due to minor malfunctions in the objective lens department, resulting in unnecessary waste.

插入部故障

Insertion failure

插入部是直接探入病人体腔内的主要部件。操作者是通过移动插入部，使硬镜到达病灶的佳观察位置。有些孔径比较小的硬性内窥镜或者在术中需要用力操作的部位使用硬性内窥镜时，很容易造成插入部的故障。

The insertion part is the main component that directly penetrates into the patient's body cavity. The operator moves the insertion part to reach the optimal observation position of the lesion through the hard mirror. When using rigid endoscopes with relatively small apertures or in areas that require forceful operation during surgery, it is easy to cause malfunctions in the insertion area.

（1）故障现象。插入部故障直接的现象就是插入部变形，而插入部出现变形时同样会导致图像模糊、甚是图像缺失、图像亮度下降等现象。

(1) Fault phenomenon. The direct phenomenon of insertion failure is the deformation of the insertion part, and the deformation of the insertion part can also cause image blurring, even image loss, and a decrease in image brightness.

（2）故障分析。插入部故障的主要原因是操作者在使用过程中或清洗过程中使用不当，导致插入部受外力变形（图5~6），从而导致图像或亮度出现故障。当插入部出现变形时，插入管内的透镜组会因为外力导致破损甚断裂，从而导致图像故障；同理，由于插入管变形导致光导纤维多束断裂或扭曲，则会导致图像亮度出现故障。

(2) Fault analysis. The main cause of insertion failure is improper use by the operator during use or cleaning and disinfection, resulting in deformation of the insertion part under external force (Figure 5-6), leading to image or brightness failure. When the insertion part deforms, the lens assembly inside the insertion tube may be damaged or even broken due to external forces, resulting in image failure; Similarly, due to deformation of the insertion tube, multiple bundles of optical fibers may break or twist, leading to a malfunction in image brightness.

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